284 reports including 7324 photographs of various sectors of Montreal between 1960 and 1992, taken at low altitude. The photos were mostly taken in the 1960s and 1970s. ATTENTION: For any use of these photographic archives, it is required that the credit mention be: “Archives de la Ville de Montréal”.See also vertical aerial views of Montreal Island:[1925-1935] (https://donnees.montreal.ca/ville-de-montreal/vues-aeriennes-de-l-ile-de-montreal-1925-1935),[1947-1949] (https://donnees.montreal.ca/ville-de-montreal/vues-aeriennes-archives),[1958—1975] (https://donnees.montreal.ca/ville-de-montreal/vues-aeriennes-de-montreal-1958-1975).**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

This dataset represents Manitoba's digital forest inventory for the 1970s. Please note that because of data capture techniques used for this inventory, its base features (e.g., water, roads) may not align with other datasets (e.g., Google Maps, Esri Basemaps). │ This dataset represents Manitoba's digital forest inventory for the 1970s. Please note that due to the data entry techniques used for this inventory, basic characteristics (e.g., water, roads) may not match other data sets (e.g., Google Maps, Esri Basemaps).This dataset represents Manitoba's digital forest inventory for the 1970s. It was created from forest inventories captured by photo-interpretation during different time periods in the 1970s. It consists of original inventory polygons without any subsequent modifications, such as disturbances or silvicultural activities. Please note that, because of data capture techniques used for this inventory, its base features (e.g., water, roads) may not align with other datasets (e.g., Google Maps, Esri Basemaps) .This dataset covers a large portion of the middle of Manitoba, and is almost exclusively within the Boreal Plains and Boreal Shield ecozones. Forest inventories created in the 1970s used the Forest Resource Inventory (FRI) standards to capture details about the land base relevant to forestry, along with non-forest base features. Data collected in the FRI standard included, among other things, tree species composition, tree species composition, site class (site growing conditions), cutting class (stand maturity, and a proxy for age), crown closure and productivity. This dataset also includes estimated age and year of photography attributes.This feature class is also available for download from DataMB. Metadata: Manitoba Forest Inventory —1970s | This dataset represents Manitoba's digital forest inventory for the 1970s. It was created from forest inventories captured by photo-interpretation at various periods in the 1970s. These are the original inventory polygons, without any subsequent changes, such as disturbances or silvicultural activities. Please note that due to the data entry techniques used for this inventory, the basic characteristics (e.g., water, roads) may not match other data sets (e.g., Google Maps, Esri Basemaps) .This dataset covers a large portion of central Manitoba and is located almost exclusively in the Boreal Plains and Boreal Shield ecozones. Forest inventories created in the 1970s used Forest Resources Inventory (IRF) standards to capture land base details relevant to forestry, as well as characteristics of the non-forest land base. Data collected under the IRF standard included, among other things, tree species composition, site class (site growth conditions), stand operational class (stand maturity and age approximation), canopy closure, and productivity, among others. This data set also includes attributes such as the estimated age and year of the photo.This feature class can also be downloaded from MB Data.Metadata: Manitoba Forest Inventory — 1970s**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

Data for seismic surveys prior to 1999 were obtained from National Energy Board (NEB) as points data (end points and bends) in Excel file format with basic information only. The NEB dataset was not comprehensive. Seismic lines coordinates' data for some of the earliest surveys recorded during 1960s and 1970s were recorded in NAD27 and contained location errors. In addition some data were not converted to NAD83 datum currently in use therefore resulting in even larger error. Starting at 1999 seismic lines location data are provided to the Government of Yukon by exploration companies as part of their statutory reporting requirements.Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

Terrain Inventory Mapping (TIM) contains polygons with key and amalgamated (concatenated) attributes derived from the RISC (Resource Inventory Standards Committee) standard attributes. TIM is multi-purpose and divides the landscape into units according to surficial material, surface expression and geomorphological process using the Terrain Classification System for British Columbia. Most of the inventory mapping was completed in the 1970s and 1980s on 1 to 50,000 scale base maps using air photo interpretation with selective field checking, and manual transfer and drafting of paper maps. These maps were later digitized and have been converted from IGDS or CAPAMP to ArcInfo to Geodatabase. This layer is derived from the STE_TEI_ATTRIBUTE_POLYS_SP layer by filtering on the PROJECT_TYPE attribute. Project types include: TIM and TIMSOI. Current version: v11 (published on 2024-10-03) Previous versions: v10 (published on 2023-11-14), v9 (published on 2023-03-01), v8 (published on 2016-09-01)

These Alberta spring locations were digitized from the 1:50 000 Alberta Hydrogeology Information Map Series (48 atlases) by the Alberta Research Council from the 1960s and 1970s. Springs were digitized as part of the digital data capture process.

The Beaufort Sea and Mackenzie Delta dataset comes from the Petroleum and Environmental Management Tool (PEMT). The online tool was decommissioned in 2019 and the data was transferred to Open Data in order to preserve it.The PEMT was originally developed in 2009 to help guide development in the Canadian Arctic by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC). The online tool mapped the sensitivities of a variety of Arctic features, ranging from whales to traditional harvesting, across the Arctic. The tool was intended to aid government, oil and gas companies, Aboriginal groups, resource managers and public stakeholders in better understanding the geographic distribution of areas which are sensitive for environmental and socio-economic reasons. The study area and analytical resolution was defined using the oil and gas leasing grid within the Beaufort Sea. The study area has been the scene of oil and gas exploration activity since 1957. Oil was first discovered at Atkinson Point in 1969 and major gas fields in the early 1970s. Such finds spurred the proposal of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline in 1974 and the addition of exploration and investment offshore. Exploration and drilling continued both onshore and offshore until the mid-1970s with the release of the Berger Report, which recommended a 10-year moratorium on the construction of the pipeline. After the release of the Berger Report, the pace of onshore activity declined but offshore exploration escalated in the 1980s. Offshore exploration was facilitated with innovative operating techniques and new offshore platforms that extended the ability to operate in the short open-water season and ice. With the minor exception of the small onshore gas field at Ikhil, no oil or gas has been commercially produced in the area.DISCLAIMER: Please refer to the PEMT Disclaimer document or the Resource Constraints - Use Limitation in the Additional Information section below.Note: This is one of the 3 (three) datasets included in the PEMT application which includes the High Arctic and Eastern Arctic datasets.

The Coastal Infrastructure Vulnerability Index (CIVI) was jointly developed by DFO Science Branch, Small Craft Harbours (SCH) Program and the Economic Analysis and Statistics Directorate. The CIVI was designed with the intent of developing a climate change adaptation tool that would support management decisions regarding the long-term infrastructure planning for SCH sites.The CIVI provides a numerical indication of the relative vulnerability of small craft harbour sites to the effects of climate change and was designed with three component sub-indices: Environmental Exposure (natural forces), Infrastructure, and Socio-economic. The spatial component for the coastline was derived from the CanVec 1:50,000 hydrographic layer (https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/9d96e8c9-22fe-4ad2-b5e8-94a6991b744b).This layer combines the 1:50,000 CanVec coastline of Canada with the following CIVI environmental exposure variables:- projected sea level rise (for the decades 2030, 2040,...2100) in meters- wave height (metres) and wind speed (metres/second)- change in sea ice coverage in Atlantic Canada from the 1970s to the 2000sSea level change:Data for relative sea level change (SLC) were derived from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC 2014, AR5). The projected relative sea level change under the high emission scenario (RCP8.5) was calculated for all years between 2006 and 2100. Sea level change for the years 2030, 2040, 2050, 2060, 2070, 2080, 2090, and 2100 were used.Wind Speed and Wave HeightModelled hindcasts of yearly maximum wind speed (1990 - 2012) and wave height (1990- 2014) were used. This dataset was generated from IFREMER wave hindcasts using the WAVEWATCH III model with wind data from NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) (Saha et al. 2010). Two high resolution (10 minute) grids of Atlantic and Pacific maximum modeled wind speeds and maximum significant wave height were used for southern Canadian coastal areas while a coarser (30 minute) worldwide grid was used for the Arctic areas. From these datasets the mean annual maximum wind speed over 23 years and the mean maximum significant wave height over 25 years were calculated.Change in sea ice coverage:Sea ice data from the Canadian Ice Service were acquired for Atlantic and Arctic Canada, representing percent ice coverage for each week over four decades (1970s, 1980s, 1990, 2000s). For each decade a single dataset was calculated to represent the sum of all weeks with ice coverage in excess of 50%, with a maximum possible score of 52 weeks for each decade. To measure change in ice duration, the summary mapsheet from the 2000s was subtracted from the 1970s summary mapsheet. The final dataset represents the change between the 1970s and 2000s in the number of weeks with ice concentrations greater than 50%. A positive number indicates a reduction in weeks of ice coverage, a negative number an increase in ice coverage.The data for individual small craft harbours included here contains predicted sea level change for the decades between 2030 and 2100, wave height, windspeed, change in sea ice coverage, population, and the final environmental exposure sub-index value (ESI). The population for each harbour is derived from the 2016 Census of Canada data for the Census subdivision (CSD) geographic unit.Reference:Relative sea-level projections for Canada based on the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report and the NAD83v70VG national crustal velocity modelhttps://doi.org/10.4095/327878 IPCC, 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. MacCracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L. White (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1132 pp.Cite this data as: Greenan B. and Greyson P. Coastal Environmental Exposure Layer. Published March 2022. Ocean Ecosystem Science Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, N.S.

Historical Open Range - 1963-1994 is a polygon layer that depicts grasslands and shrublands (originally designated as 'on land deemed with no potential for growing trees'). Data were derived from a (retired) Provincial Forest Cover Polygon dataset which was interpreted from air photos. Photograph and interpretation dates range from 1963 to 1994. This dataset has value as temporal snapshots of ecosystems under siege from human and natural processes. Data is useful for identification and analysis of forest ingrowth into grasslands from fire suppression. Encroachment can shift over time, for example from changing climate and disturbance events, and this data provides one measure of that shift. Data may also inform location of wildfire safety buffers around communities.

The Okanagan Lake kokanee shore spawner data set is comprised of multiple combined data sets. The historical data sets for the years 1974, 77, 78, 79 and 80 and more recent data sets collected from 2001 to 2016, and 2018. The historical data was derived from information collected in the field and hand drawn onto air photographs. Ministry staff circled Okanagan Lake in a boat one time each year and recorded fish numbers and spawner locations onto air photographs that were digitized in 2006 to make up the historical data set. This data set may not capture the peak reach count for these years. The data collected from 2001 to 2018 was derived from boat counts undertaken along the shoreline of Okanagan, Wood and Kalamalka Lakes. A GPS was used to record shore spawner locations and numbers. Multiple counts were undertaken over the entire spawning cycle and covered the peak spawning period for each year of data provided. The data collected for Christina Lake began in 2003 and ended in 2006. Christina Lake kokanee spawn at night in late December and early January. Kokanee spawning redd locations are available for the 2003/2004 count. Kokanee enumerations were undertaken at night for the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons and spawning redds were counted at the end of spawning cycle. For these two years there is both spawning and redd count data available.

This service shows the ratio of persons aged 0 to 14 and 65 and over (children and seniors) versus persons aged 15 to 64 (working-age) by census division. The data is a custom extraction from the 2016 Census - 100% data.This data pertains to the total population by age. 'Age' refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2016. For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census division” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.