This layer represents the Harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) distribution. During the summer, the Harp seal is in Arctic and it migrates south of its distribution range during the fall. It migrates back to the Arctic after the moulting period which occurs in April and May.Reference:DFO. 2020. 2019 Status of Northwest Atlantic Harp Seals, Pagophilus groenlandicus. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2020/020.

This layer represents important areas for the Harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus). It includes the three main pupping areas for this species and migratory pathways used by Harp seals to migrate between its summering (Baffin Bay) and wintering (Gulf of St. Lawrence and Newfoundland and Labrador coasts) areas. Note that this dataset do not represent the Harp seal distribution.Reference:DFO. 2020. 2019 Status of Northwest Atlantic Harp Seals, Pagophilus groenlandicus. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2020/020.

Polar cod (Boreogadus saida), Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), and Greenland cod (Gadus macrocephalus) are prominent gadid species within the northwest Atlantic Ocean in terms of their ecological and socio-economic importance but it is unclear how climate-induced changes in ocean temperature may alter their distributions by the end of the century (2100). We used physiologically based species distribution models to predict how ocean warming will influence the availability of suitable habitat for early life-stages in these marine gadids. We applied CMIP5 ocean temperature projections to egg survival and juvenile growth models for Polar cod, Atlantic cod, and Greenland cod to create predicted suitability raster surfaces for these metrics across four climatology periods (1981–2005, 2026–2050, 2051–2075, 2076–2100). The analysis focused on the projected changes in temperature in ocean shelf areas where ocean depth is ≤400 m. We created an integrated habitat suitability index by combining the suitability surfaces for egg survival and growth potential to predict areas and periods where thermal conditions were suitable for both life stages. The resulting surfaces indicate that suitable thermal habitat for the juvenile life stages of all three species will shift poleward, but the magnitude of the shift and the overall area of thermally suitable habitat remaining will differ across species and life stages through time. Modelled layers are provided in NetCDF format by metric (egg survival, growth potential, habitat suitability). Data layers for Polar cod, Atlantic cod, and Greenland cod are included within each NetCDF file as variables across time. Note that in this study we refer to Gadus macrocephalus/ogac as Greenland cod since Gadus ogac is thought to be a junior synonym of Gadus macrocephalus (Carr et al., 1999). For more details on the methods and results for this analysis see Cote et al. (2021).References:Carr, S. M., Kivlichan, D. S., Pepin, P., & Crutcher, D. C. (1999). Molecular systematics of gadid fishes: implications for the biogeographic origins of Pacific species. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 77(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-77-1-19Cote, D., Konecny, C. A., Seiden, J., Hauser, T., Kristiansen, T., & Laurel, B. J. (2021). Forecasted Shifts in Thermal Habitat for Cod Species in the Northwest Atlantic and Eastern Canadian Arctic. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8(November), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.764072

PURPOSE:Understanding and predicting species range shifts is crucial for conservation amid global warming. This study analyzes life-history traits of four seal species (ringed (Pusa hispida Schreber, 1775), bearded (Erignathus barbatus Pallas, 1811), harp (Pagophilus groenlandicus Erxleben, 1777), and harbour (Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758) seals) in the Canadian Arctic using data from Inuit subsistence harvests. Bearded seals are largest, followed by harp seals, harbour seals, and ringed seals. Seasonal blubber depth patterns show minimal variation in bearded seals, whereas harbour and ringed seals accumulate fat in open-water seasons and use it during ice-covered seasons. Endemic Arctic seals (ringed and bearded) exhibit greater longevity and determinate body growth, reaching maximum size by 5 years, while harbour and harp seals grow indeterminately, physically maturing around 10-15 years. Age of maturation varies, with ringed and harbour seals being more sensitive to environmental fluctuations. Most bearded seals reproduce successfully each year, while ringed seals exhibit more variability in their annual reproductive success. Analysis of isoprenoid lipids in liver tissue indicates that ringed and bearded seals rely on ice-algal production, whereas harp and harbour seals depend on open-water phytoplankton production. Bearded seals appear more specialized and potentially face less competition, while harp seals may adapt better to changing habitats. Despite expected range shifts to higher latitudes, all species exhibit tradeoffs, complicating predictions for the evolving Arctic environment. DESCRIPTION:This dataset contains the data reported in Steven H. Ferguson, Jeff W. Higdon, Brent G. Young, Stephen D. Petersen, Cody G. Carlyle, Ellen V. Lea, Caroline C. Sauvé, Doreen Kohlbach, Aaron T. Fisk, Gregory W. Thiemann, Katie R. N. Florko, Derek C. G. Muir, Charmain D. Hamilton, Magali Houde, Enooyaq Sudlovenick, and David J. Yurkowski. 2024. A comparative analysis of life-history features and adaptive strategies of Arctic and subarctic seal species - who will win the climate change challenge? Canadian Journal of Zoology 2024-0093.R1The data set includes species, location, harvest date, sex, age, standard length, girth, fat depth, teste size, parity status, pregnancy status, corpora lutea (n), corpus albicans (n), follicles (n). This dataset includes raw, unfiltered, and unprocessed historical data provided by harvesters that have not been screened for outliers. Individual users should screen the data for their specific use.Cite these data as:Steven H. Ferguson, Jeff W. Higdon, Brent G. Young, Stephen D. Petersen, Cody G. Carlyle, Ellen V. Lea, Caroline C. Sauvé, Doreen Kohlbach, Aaron T. Fisk, Gregory W. Thiemann, Katie R. N. Florko, Derek C. G. Muir, Charmain D. Hamilton, Magali Houde, Enooyaq Sudlovenick, and David J. Yurkowski. 2024. Arctic and Aquatic Research Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB. https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/ea9ff038-8b16-11ef-8cce-55cc7f028297

Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) occupy deep waters off Newfoundland and Labrador and are a commercially important species. The Groundfish Section, Fisheries and Oceans Canada – Newfoundland and Labrador Region implemented an acoustic tagging program to better understand the movement and habitat use for this species. This program began in 2021, and was further developed as a results of two DFO Competitive Science Research Fund project between 2022-2026.Fish were caught via trawl or longline, VEMCO acoustic transmitters surgically implanted, and released at site of capture. Detections occurred from acoustic receivers deployed by the Groundfish section and/or from receiver arrays associated with the Oceans Tracking Network (e.g. Northern Cod Acoustic Telemetry Array [NCAT]). Raw detection data are downloaded from receivers and sent to the Ocean Tracking Network for formatting and archiving. Data provided here summarize reported detections from 2021-2024 as part of a master’s project at Memorial University of Newfoundland. Release locations, number and location of detections, defined movement class, and detection duration are summarized by individual. Location information includes the position of the receiver the fish was detected at, and the North Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Divisions where fish were detected in.

Since 2017, industry-supported scientific surveys targeting Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) have been conducted in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and parts of the estuary. The primary objective of the project is to gather data on the species' abundance, distribution, and biological characteristics. To achieve this, a stratified random longline survey is carried out, during which Atlantic halibut of all sizes are measured and tagged using two spaghetti tags. Beginning in 2024, tissue samples from the pelvic fin of each individual were also collected for genetic analysis.Atlantic halibut are captured using longlines equipped with 500 circle hooks. While the length of the leaders varies among vessels, the spacing between leaders ranges from 3.6 to 5.5 meters. Fork length is measured for each individual of commercial species caught - such as Atlantic halibut, cod, redfish, and Greenland halibut (turbot). Measurements are also occasionally taken for non-commercial species.This publication includes the file Donnees_Releve_Fletan_Halibut_Survey_Data, which provides information associated with each sampled station. It also contains the number of Atlantic halibut, cod, redfish and Greenland halibut (turbot) caught at each station. It is important to note that only beginning in 2019 were all commercial species systematically measured. The "NA" values in 2017–2018 do not indicate that no individuals were caught, but rather that they were not measured systematically.Note: There are missing data in various columns of the dataset - use data with caution - if you have any questions please contact the data management team gddaiss-dmsaisb@dfo-mpo.gc.ca.

The Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Secretariat, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and the Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) have collaborated to update the spatial representation of the NAFO Subareas, Divisions, and Subdivisions as defined in Annex 1 to the Convention on Cooperation in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (2020) (https://www.nafo.int/Portals/0/PDFs/key-publications/NAFOConvention.pdf). The NAFO Convention does not indicate which datum should be used for spatial representation. The datum used at the time of development of the NAFO Convention would have been North American Datum 1927 (NAD27). However, all datasets were derived using NAD83.International boundaries have been updated based on accepted coordinates between the USA and Canada (http://www.internationalboundarycommission.org/en/maps-coordinates/coordinates.php), and Canada and Greenland (https://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=105136).This version of the NAFO Divisions is not intended to be used for legal purposes and is being provided for mapping / illustrative purposes only.

Notice - Replacement of the English and French Web services (WMS and ESRI REST) with a bilingual one.The NRN product is distributed in the form of thirteen provincial or territorial datasets and consists of two linear entities (Road Segment and Ferry Connection Segment) and three punctual entities (Junction, Blocked Passage, Toll Point) with which is associated a series of descriptive attributes such as, among others: First House Number, Last House Number, Street Name Body, Place Name, Functional Road Class, Pavement Status, Number Of Lanes, Structure Type, Route Number, Route Name, Exit Number. The development of the NRN was realized by means of individual meetings and national workshops with interested data providers from the federal, provincial, territorial and municipal governments. In 2005, the NRN edition 2.0 was alternately adopted by members from the Inter-Agency Committee on Geomatics (IACG) and the Canadian Council on Geomatics (CCOG). The NRN content largely conforms to the ISO 14825 from ISO/TC 204.

CANGRD is a set of Canadian gridded annual, seasonal, and monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies, which were interpolated from stations in the Adjusted and Homogenized Canadian Climate Data (AHCCD); it is used to produce the Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin (CTVB).

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