2020 DATABASE (Excel): The joint federal-provincial Regional Geochemical Surveys (RGS) have been carried out in British Columbia since 1976 as part of the National Geochemical Reconnaissance (NGR) program to aid exploration and development of mineral resources. The British Columbia Geological Survey (BCGS) maintains provincial geochemical databases capturing information from multi-media surveys. This 2020 release of the most current and complete province-wide geochemical data set collected under the (RGS) program. The database was compiled from 116 original sources with 65,429 samples and about 5 million determinations analyzed using 18 methods in 18 laboratories. This release augments the database with new RGS data compiled from BCGS and Geoscience BC publications between 2016 and 2019. Compared with the data in the last release, data in this release have been given further quality control treatment and revision. For the ease of use and consistency with previously published data, the data set was generated from the RGS database in a flat tabular format. The 2020 data set, released as BCGS GeoGile 2020-08, is presented in two MS Excel files, ‘RGS2020_ data.xlsx’ and ‘RGS2020_metadata.xlsx’. The data tables capture locations, field observations, analytical results and laboratories, and geology underlying sample sites for stream-, lake- and moss-sediment, water and lake samples, heavy mineral concentrates, tree twig, and needle ash. The analytical determinations include up to 63 analytes from sediment samples and up to 78 analytes from water samples. These samples, collected at an average density of about 1 site per 7–13 km2, provide representative geochemical data for the catchment basin upstream from the sample site. The RGS currently covers approximately 80 percent of the province.

Regional stream sediment geochemical data compilationNovember 2020Release notesThe regional stream sediment geochemical data compilation comprises data for more than 30 000 samples across Yukon. This compilation updates the work of Héon (2003). This new compilation includes results from the reanalysis of more than 24 000 samples; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) analysis provides upgraded detection limits and a broader range of elements relative to previous analytical data. In addition to analytical data, efforts have been made to improve sample location accuracy. The data in this release are organized by analytical method with the geodatabase having six feature classes:1. RGS_SITE_WATER - site specific physiography and water quality data. These data are unchanged from the original releases. 2. RGS_HEON - the same data as released in Héon (2003) with minor updates to sample location. 3. RGS_AAS - all samples analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Most of these data are superseded by INAA and ICPMS data. 4. RGS_INAA - all samples analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and fire assay-neutron activation (FA-NA) analysis. 5. RGS_ICPMS - all samples analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). 6. RGS_All - includes all AAS, INAA and ICPMS data. Collection of stream sediment samples in Yukon began in 1976 and ended in 2006. Three analytical methods have been used to analyze the minus 0.177 mm fraction (-80 mesh) of these samples: AAS, INNA (and FA-NA) and ICPMS. A simple description of each method is given below.For atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) a 1 g aliquot is 'partially digested' using Lefort aqua regia or concentrated hot nitric acid. The digestion product is analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Oxide and silicate minerals are partially digested while some sulphide minerals are erratically volatilized. This means that AAS cannot be used to obtain accurate REE, Ta, Nb, As, Sb, Sn, Hg, Cr, or Au determinations.For instrumental neutron activation analysis ( INAA), aliquots of sieved sediment (the minus 0.177 mm fraction) or milled rock ranging from 5 to 40 g are encapsulated and irradiated in a nuclear reactor before counting the primary gamma radiation induced by the neutron irradiation with a high resolution germanium gamma ray detector. Fire assay-neutron activation (FA-NA) analysis is similar but includes a pre-concentration fire assay step prior to irradiation and analysis. Results for both INAA and FA-NA are similar to those for samples analyses by fusion or other total digestion techniques. Neutron activation detection limits are typically higher than those by acid digestion - ICPMS. Commodity and pathfinder elements such as Au, As, Sb and W have reasonable detection limits by INAA and the data generated are relatively precise.For ICPMS analysis, aliquots of sieved sediment ( the minus 0.177 mm fraction) ranging from 0.5 to 1 g are prepared using a partial digestion technique, typically aqua regia, followed by analysis of dissolution product by ICPMS. Sulphide minerals are completely oxidized and dissolved whereas most oxide and silicate minerals are only partially digested. This means that results produced by partial digestion methods are acceptable for elements such as Ag, As, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl, and Zn but values for elements such as Al, Ba, Cr, Fe, P, Sn, Ti, Y, and Zr are likely to not reflect the actual element concentration in a sample. The sample size used for routine RGS sample analysis is too small be representative of Au in the original sample and thus Au by aqua regia digestion - ICPMS has poor precision.Further upgrades to this database are not anticipated. All samples that could be found in the GSC-Ottawa warehouse have been reanalyzed using ICPMS. Any errors or omissions in this database should be reported to the Yukon Geological Survey. Your feedback contributes to improving the accuracy of the geoscience databases for Yukon.Contact: [YGSMinerals@yukon.ca](mailto:YGSMinerals@yukon.ca) ; [geology@yukon.ca](mailto:geology@yukon.ca)Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

To support improved groundwater geoscience knowledge for southern Ontario, a regional 3-D model of the surficial geology of southern Ontario has been developed as a part of a collaboration between the Ontario Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada. Covering approximately 66,870 km2 in area, the model is a synthesis of existing geological models, surficial geology mapping, and subsurface data. The model is a simplified 9-layer reclassification of numerous mapped local surficial sediment formations in places over 200 m thick with a total volume of approximately 2,455 km3. The model integrates 1:50,000 scale surficial geology mapping with 90 m bathymetrically corrected topographic digital elevation model (DEM) and 8 existing local 3-D models. Archival subsurface data include 10,237 geotechnical and stratigraphic boreholes, 3,312 picks from geophysical surveys, 15,902 field mapping sites and sections, 537 monitoring and water supply wells and 282,995 water well records. Roughly corresponding to regional aquifer and aquitard layers, primary model layers are (from oldest to youngest): Bedrock, Basal Aquifer, Lower Sediment, Regional Till, Post Regional Till Channel Fill, Glaciofluvial Sediment, Post Regional Till Mud, Glaciolacustrine Sand and Recent Sediment / Organics. Modelling was completed using an implicit modelling application (LeapFrog®) complemented by an expert knowledge approach to data classification and rules-based Expert System procedure for data interpretation and validation. An iterative cycle of automated data coding, intermediate model construction and manual data corrections, expert evaluations, and revisions lead to the final 3-D model. A semi-quantitative confidence assessment has been made for each model layer surface based on data quality, distribution and density. This surficial geology model completes the development of a series of regional 3-D geological and hydrogeological models for southern Ontario.

Landscape Management Units for the 2019 Peel Watershed Regional Land Use Plan. For more information, please refer to [https://yukon.ca/peel-watershed-regional-land-use-plan](https://yukon.ca/peel-watershed-regional-land-use-plan)Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

Yukon Bedrock Geology MapThis update of the Yukon bedrock geology map builds upon the previous compilation by Gordey and Makepeace (1999, 2001). It includes new, detailed bedrock geology maps and regional compilations that have been published by the Yukon Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada between 1999 and 2015, as well as some recent thesis works. A few of these maps were partially integrated into the digital dataset by Gordey and Makepeace (2003), but only as overlay to the 1999 compilation. A number of errors and omissions from the 1999 compilation of Gordey and Makepeace were also noted and corrected during compilation of this version of the map.The Yukon bedrock geology GIS dataset is regularly updated and can be downloaded from the Yukon Geological Survey ' s website: [https://yukon.ca/en/science-and-natural-resources/geology](https://yukon.ca/en/science-and-natural-resources/geology) . Users are advised to consult the website regularly to ensure they are working with the latest version of the geodatabase or shape files. This update of the GIS dataset includes an expanded attribute structure (compared to the 1999 dataset) that facilitates searching of the geodatabase.This dataset requires the gscGeology font in order to properly label the bedrock polygons. This font file is packaged with the dataset when downloaded from [https://yukon.ca/maps](https://yukon.ca/maps) or [https://yukon.ca/en/science-and-natural-resources/geology](https://yukon.ca/en/science-and-natural-resources/geology) .The Yukon Geological Survey aims to provide users with the best available geoscience data for Yukon. Any revisions or additional geological information known to the user would be welcomed by the Yukon Geological Survey.Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

Canada’s landmass is very diversified and comprises 7 distinctive areas called physiographic regions, each of which has its own unique topography and geology. Physiographic regions are large areas that share similar relief and landforms shaped by common geomorphic processes and geological history. Physiographic regions are often used to describe Canada’s geography to show regional differences in climate, vegetation, population and the economy.This dataset collection contains three interrelated datasets mapping the location of Canada’s 7 different physiographic regions, their 21 subregions and many divisions (landforms).

Basement geology includes information relating to isogrades, geological zones, lineaments, lineaments, regional faults, geological contacts, compilation outcrops, geofact outcrops, regional folds, regional folds, outcrop contours, and structural domains.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

Geology faults are part of the British Columbia Digital Geology, which is the data source used for the seamless province-wide, up-to-date, and detailed bedrock geology. The bedrock geology integrates all details of compilations from 1:50,000 to 1:250,000. The data is maintained by a geospatial frame data model with techniques used to simplify the integration process and shorten the time frame from field mapping, compilation, integration, to data delivery. Geology faults with the related data sets, Bedrock Geology and Quaternary Alluvium and Cover, are displayed on MapPlace and MapPlace 2 and is available for download in shapefile and GeoPackage formats.

Yukon Bedrock Geology MapThis update of the Yukon bedrock geology map builds upon the previous compilation by Gordey and Makepeace (1999, 2001). It includes new, detailed bedrock geology maps and regional compilations that have been published by the Yukon Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada between 1999 and 2015, as well as some recent thesis works. A few of these maps were partially integrated into the digital dataset by Gordey and Makepeace (2003), but only as overlay to the 1999 compilation. A number of errors and omissions from the 1999 compilation of Gordey and Makepeace were also noted and corrected during compilation of this version of the map. The Yukon bedrock geology GIS dataset is regularly updated and can be downloaded from the Yukon Geological Survey's website: www.geology.gov.yk.ca. Users are advised to consult the website regularly to ensure they are working with the latest version of the geodatabase or shape files. This update of the GIS dataset includes an expanded attribute structure (compared to the 1999 dataset) that facilitates searching of the geodatabase. The Yukon Geological Survey aims to provide users with the best available geoscience data for Yukon. Any revisions or additional geological information known to the user would be welcomed by the Yukon Geological Survey.Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

Yukon Bedrock Geology MapThis update of the Yukon bedrock geology map builds upon the previous compilation by Gordey and Makepeace (1999, 2001). It includes new, detailed bedrock geology maps and regional compilations that have been published by the Yukon Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada between 1999 and 2015, as well as some recent thesis works. A few of these maps were partially integrated into the digital dataset by Gordey and Makepeace (2003), but only as overlay to the 1999 compilation. A number of errors and omissions from the 1999 compilation of Gordey and Makepeace were also noted and corrected during compilation of this version of the map. The Yukon bedrock geology GIS dataset is regularly updated and can be downloaded from the Yukon Geological Survey's website: www.geology.gov.yk.ca. Users are advised to consult the website regularly to ensure they are working with the latest version of the geodatabase or shape files. This update of the GIS dataset includes an expanded attribute structure (compared to the 1999 dataset) that facilitates searching of the geodatabase. The Yukon Geological Survey aims to provide users with the best available geoscience data for Yukon. Any revisions or additional geological information known to the user would be welcomed by the Yukon Geological Survey.Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)