The Community Well-Being (CWB) Index is a method of assessing socio-economic well-being in Canadian communities. Various indicators of socio-economic well-being, including education, labour force activity, income and housing, are derived from Statistics Canada's Census of Population and combined to give each community a well-being "score". These scores are used to compare well-being across First Nations and Inuit communities with well-being in other Canadian communities. Indicator values may be missing for a community because of non-participation in the census, inadequate data quality, or insufficient population size. For more information on the subject, visit https://www.sac-isc.gc.ca/eng/1100100016579.

The Canadian Hydrospatial Network (CHN) is an analysis-ready geospatial network of features that help enable the modelling of surface water flow in Canada. The six main layers and feature types are: flowlines, waterbodies, catchments, catchment aggregates, work units, and hydro nodes. Where possible the CHN is derived from high resolution source data such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) derived Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and aerial imagery, to name a few. If existing provincial or territorial hydrographic networks meet the standards, they are incorporated into the CHN, otherwise automatic extraction methods are used on the high-resolution source data. To provide full network connectivity, if neither of these methods is possible in a region, the NHN is converted into the CHN until higher-resolution source data is available.Additional value-added attributes are included in the CHN to aid modelling, such as stream order and reach slope. The CHN physical model and features are also closely aligned and harmonized with the USGS 3DHP hydrographic network, which aids trans-border modelling. Where possible geonames (i.e. toponyms) are also added.The CHN is produced and disseminated by hydrologically connected geographic areas called work units. Work units can contain just one watershed, several small adjacent watersheds outletting into a large body of water, or be one of many parts of a larger watershed. In all cases, the features of a work unit are hydrologically connected. This is a more natural approach to data delivery, in comparison to data that is split into tiles. A generalized work unit index file is provided in the downloads to help users decide which files to download.For more information on the CHN please visit the project webpage: https://natural-resources.canada.ca/canadian-hydrospatial-network

The Canadian Aquatic Biomonitoring Network (CABIN) is an aquatic biomonitoring program for assessing the health of fresh water ecosystems in Canada. Benthic macroinvertebrates are collected at a site location and their counts are used as an indicator of the health of that water body. CABIN is based on the network of networks approach that promotes inter-agency collaboration and data-sharing to achieve consistent and comparable reporting on fresh water quality and aquatic ecosystem conditions in Canada. The program is maintained by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) to support the collection, assessment, reporting and distribution of biological monitoring information. A set of nationally standardized CABIN protocols are used for field collection, laboratory work, and analysis of biological monitoring data. A training program is available to certify participants in the standard protocols. There are two types of sites in the CABIN database (reference and test). Reference sites represent habitats that are closest to “natural” before any human impact. The data from reference sites are used to create reference models that CABIN partners use to evaluate their test sites in an approach known as the Reference Condition Approach (RCA). Using the RCA models, CABIN partners match their test sites to groups of reference sites on similar habitats and compare the observed macroinvertebrate communities. The extent of the differences between the test site communities and the reference site communities allows CABIN partners to estimate the severity of the impacts at those locations. CABIN samples have been collected since 1987 and are organized in the database by study (partner project). The data is delineated by the 11 major drainage areas (MDA) found in Canada and each one has a corresponding study, habitat and benthic invertebrate data file. Links to auxiliary water quality data are provided when available. Visits may be conducted at the same location over time with repeat site visits being identified by identical study name / site code with different dates. All data collected by the federal government is available on Open Data and more partners are adding their data continually. The csv files are updated monthly. Contact the CABIN study authority to request permission to access non open data.

The National Hydro Network (NHN) focuses on providing a quality geometric description and a set of basic attributes describing Canada's inland surface waters. It provides geospatial digital data compliant with the NHN Standard such as lakes, reservoirs, watercourses (rivers and streams), canals, islands, drainage linear network, toponyms or geographical names, constructions and obstacles related to surface waters, etc. The best available federal and provincial data are used for its production, which is done jointly by the federal and interested provincial and territorial partners. The NHN is created from existing data at the 1:50 000 scale or better. The NHN data have a great potential for analysis, cartographic representation and display and will serve as base data in many applications. The NHN Work Unit Limits were created based on Water Survey of Canada Sub-Sub-Drainage Area.

The Ontario Hydro Network (OHN) is a provincial medium scale originating from data with regional scales of 1: 10,000 in Southern Ontario, 1: 20,000 in Northern Ontario and 1: 50,000 in the Far North. The shoreline is taken from the OHN - Waterbody data class. This data is used for cartographic purposes and web mapping services. This product requires the use of geographic information system (GIS) software. [Ontario Hydro Network (OHN) User Guide (Word)](https://www.sdc.gov.on.ca/sites/MNRF-PublicDocs/EN/CMID/OHN%20-%20UserGuide.docx)

The Nova Scotia Hydrographic Network is an enhanced version of the Nova Scotia Topographic Database's Water Features theme. This dataset includes network spines for connectivity of water flow and various attribution for flow direction, priority of water flow and toponymic objects where applicable.

Highway Planning and Design's 2018 Manitoba Road Network.The 2018 Manitoba Road Network was created by Manitoba Infrastructure, Highway Engineering, Highway Planning and Design (HPD). The department’s linear referencing system (LRS) uses Control Sections as a linear referencing method (LRM). The LRM is the digital representation of the Highway Network in Manitoba. The features indicate highway number and highway identity. This data was corrected using 1:60,000 digital ortho aerial photography dated from 1991-1998. Linear features have been updated on a yearly basis using GPS data, CAD files and 50cm imagery from 2007-2014, and is considered accurate to two-to-seven metres. Please note that this feature layer primarily contains only the roads that Manitoba Infrastructure is responsible for, i.e. Provincial Trunk Highways, Provincial Roads and Access Roads. However, you may also see Earth Roads (under construction) or Other roads (such as those passing through national parks and are federal responsibility).Fields included (Alias (Field Name): Field description.) OBJECTID (OBJECTID): Sequential, unique whole numbers are automatically generated. SHAPE (SHAPE): A field to hold geometry information.  ID (ID): Unique Identifier generated by Oracle. Control Section ID (CS_ID): Non unique identifier linking segment to its respective control section. Road Number Signed (ROAD_NO_SIGNED): The road number. Note though, that in the case of co-routes, the lower highway number appears. This is a text field and differs from ROAD_NO only where there are city routes, for example 1A. Road Location (ROAD_LOCATION): Access Road locations. Road Description (DESCRIPTION): A text description of the start and end locations of each segment.  Control Section Key (CS_KEY): An information rich key containing Region (two digits), Road Number (three digits), Section number (three digits), the Road Type (one character), and direction of travel (one character). MI Region (REGION_NO): The Manitoba Infrastructure region the segment is in. Regions 1-5. Road Number (ROAD_NO): The road number. Note co-routes will have the lesser highway number.  Section Number (SECTION_NO): The control section's section number. Start Kilometre (KM) (START_KM): The beginning of the Control Section (always zero). End Kilometre (KM) (END_KM): The number of kilometres to the end of the Control Section. Length Kilometres (KM) (LENGTH_KM): End Kilometre minus the Start Kilometre.  Road Type (ROAD_TYPE): The road type, i.e. PTHs, PRs, and Access Roads (Earth roads under construction may also be included).  Road Direction (ROAD_DIRECTION): A = ahead direction on a divided highway (i.e. following the digitizing direction), B = Back direction on a divided Highway (i.e. against the digitizing direction, and U= an undivided highway. Road Identity (ROAD_IDENTITY): Road identity i.e. Provincial Road, Earth Road, Access Road and Other Road. National Highway Classification (NATIONAL_HIGHWAY_CLASS): The national highway classification standard. Start Date (START_DATE): The date the segment was created in the database.  Inventory Year (INVENTORY_YEAR): The year the road segment was opened to the public. 

The data layer (.tif) presented are the results of using MaxEnt to produce a single species habitat map for Sea Scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) on German Bank (off South West Nova Scotia, Canada). Presence data derived from videos and still images were compared against environmental variables derived from multibeam bathymetry (Slope, Curvature, Aspect and Bathymetric Position Index (BPI)), and backscatter data (principal components: Q1, Q2, and Q3). Results represent a probability of habitat suitability for Sea Scallop on German Bank.Probability of suitability: The probability that a given habitat is suitable for a species based on presence data and underlying environmental variables (i.e. probability of species occurrence).Reference:Brown, C. J., Sameoto, J. A., & Smith, S. J. (2012). Multiple methods, maps, and management applications: Purpose made seafloor maps in support of ocean management. Journal of Sea Research, 72, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2012.04.009Cite this data as: Brown, C. J., Sameoto, J. A., & Smith, S. J. Data of: Distribution of Sea Scallop on German Bank. Published: February 2021. Population Ecology Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, N.S. https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/2bb98a09-5daf-42c4-94e8-e5de718b821d

Highway Planning and Design's 2017 Manitoba Road Network.The 2017 Manitoba Road Network was created by Manitoba Infrastructure --> Highway Engineering--> Highway Planning and Design. The department’s linear referencing system (LRS) uses Control Sections as a linear referencing method (LRM). The LRM is the digital representation of the Highway Network in Manitoba. The features indicate highway number and highway identity. This data was corrected using 1:60,000 digital ortho aerial photography dated from 1991-1998. Linear features have been updated on a yearly basis using GPS data, CAD files and 50cm imagery from 2007-2014, and is considered accurate to two-to-seven metres. Please note that this feature layer primarily contains only the roads that Manitoba Infrastructure is responsible for, i.e. Provincial Trunk Highways, Provincial Roads and Access Roads. However, you may also see Earth Roads (under construction) or Other roads (such as those passing through national parks and are federal responsibility). A newer version of this data is available: Manitoba Road Network 2018. Field List - FIELD NAME (Field Alias (i.e. display name)) in parenthesis)OBJECTID (OBJECTID) - Sequential, unique whole numbers are automatically generated.SHAPE (SHAPE) - A field to hold geometry information. ID (ID) - Unique Identifier generated by Oracle.CS_ID (Control Section ID) - Non unique identifier linking segment to its respective control section.ROAD_NO_SIGNED (Road Number Signed) - The road number. Note though, that in the case of co-routes, the lower highway number appears. This is a text field and differs from ROAD_NO only where there are city routes, for example 1A.ROAD_LOCATION (Road Location) - Access Road locations.DESCRIPTION (Road Description) - A text description of the start and end locations of each segment. CS_KEY (Control Section Key) - An information rich key containing Region (two digits), Road Number (three digits), Section number (three digits), the Road Type (one character), and direction of travel (one character).REGION_NO (MI Region) - The Manitoba Infrastructure region the segment is in. Regions 1-5.ROAD_NO (Road Number) - The road number. Note co-routes will have the lesser highway number. SECTION_NO (Section Number) - The control section's section number.START_KM (Start Kilometre (KM)) - The beginning of the Control Section (always zero).END_KM (End Kilometre (KM)) - The number of kilometres to the end of the Control Section.LENGTH_KM (Length Kilometres (KM)) - End Kilometre minus the Start Kilometre. ROAD_TYPE (Road Type) - The road type, i.e. PTHs, PRs, and Access Roads (Earth roads under construction may also be included). ROAD_DIRECTION (Road Direction) - A = ahead direction on a divided highway (i.e. following the digitizing direction), B = Back direction on a divided Highway (i.e. against the digitizing direction, and U= an undivided highway.ROAD_IDENTITY (Road Identity) - Road identity i.e. Provincial Road, Earth Road, Access Road and Other Road.NATIONAL_HIGHWAY_CLASS (National Highway Classification) - The national highway classification standard.START_DATE (Start Date) - The date the segment was created in the database. INVENTORY_YEAR (Inventory Year) - The year the road segment was opened to the public. SHAPE_Length (Segment Length) - An automatically generated length field based on geometry.

To assess the current distribution of kelp beds and other macroalgae in Nova Scotia and Southwest New Brunswick, subtidal drop camera surveys were performed from 2022-2023 at 140 sites. For each site, a GoPro HERO 10 camera was towed along a deep (7-12m) and shallow (3-5m) depth contour until 20 images were acquired per depth. Where possible, species were identified from photos, with particular care given to kelps (defined here as orders Laminariales and Tilopteridales) and fucoids (order Fucales). Crust-forming algae was not counted. Percent cover was calculated using a 10x10 point grid overlaid on each image and recording the dominant cover type at each point. The depth (in meters) of each photo after correcting for tide height ranged from ~0.5m to ~12m. Depths were corrected to chart datum (lowest astronomical tide) using tide predictions from the nearest tide station, taken from tides.gc.ca. Sampling was performed between July and October. Cite this data as: Krumhansl K, Brooks C, Lowen B, DiBacco C, (2025). Camera Surveys of the Subtidal Flora of Nova Scotia and Southwest New Brunswick 2022-2023. Version 1.7. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.iobis.org/obiscanada/resource?r=camera_surveys_of_the_subtidal_flora_of_nova_scotia_2022-2023&v=1.7For additional information please see:Krumhansl K.A., Brooks C.M., Lowen B., O’Brien J., Wong M., DiBacco C. Loss, resilience and recovery of kelp forests in a region of rapid ocean warming. Annals of Botany 2024 Mar 8; 133(1):73-92. Brooks C.M., Krumhansl K.A. 2023. First record of the Asian Antithamnion sparsum Tokida, 1932 (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in Nova Scotia, Canada. BioInvasions Records 12(3):745-725.