A population ecumene is the area of inhabited lands or settled areas generally delimited by a minimum population density. This ecumene shows the areas of the densest and most extended population within census divisions. Census divisions are the provincially legislated areas (such as county, municipalité régionale de comté, and regional district) or their equivalents. Census divisions are intermediate geographic areas between the province or territory level and the municipality (census subdivision). For further information, consult the Statistics Canada’s 2016 Illustrated Glossary (see below under Data Resources).The assemblage of dissemination area population density data from the 2016 Census of Population are used to form the ecumene within census divisions. Areas included in the ecumene are dissemination areas where the population density is greater than or equal to 0.4 persons per square kilometre or about one person per square mile. In some areas to capture more population within the ecumene the criteria was extended to 0.2 persons per square kilometre. The ecumene areas were generalized in certain areas to enhance the size of some isolated ecumene areas in northern Canada.This map can be used as an “ecumene” overlay to differentiate the sparsely populated areas from the ecumene in conjunction with census division data or other small-scale maps. This ecumene shows a more meaningful distribution of the population for Canada.

A population ecumene is the area of inhabited lands or settled areas generally delimited by a minimum population density. This ecumene shows the areas of the densest and most extended population within census subdivisions. A census subdivision (CSD) is the general term for municipalities (as determined by provincial or territorial legislation) or areas treated as municipal equivalents for statistical purposes (e.g., Indigenous Peoples reserves and communities and unorganized territories). Municipal status is defined by laws in effect in each province and territory in Canada. For further information, consult the Statistics Canada’s 2016 Illustrated Glossary (see below under Data Resources).The assemblage of dissemination block population density data from the 2016 Census of Population are used to form the ecumene areas within census subdivisions. Areas included in the ecumene are dissemination blocks where the population density is greater than or equal to 0.4 persons per square kilometre or about one person per square mile. In some areas to capture more population within the ecumene the criteria was extended to 0.2 persons per square kilometre. The ecumene areas were generalized in certain areas to remove small uninhabited areas within the ecumene areas in census subdivisions.This map can be used as an “ecumene” overlay to differentiate the sparsely populated areas from the ecumene in conjunction with census subdivision data or other large-scale maps. This ecumene shows a more meaningful distribution of the population for Canada.

Statistics Canada, in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada and Natural Resources Canada, is presenting selected Census data to help inform Canadians on the public health risk of the COVID-19 pandemic and to be used for modelling analysis.The data provided here show the population counts and percentage distribution for various geographic levels by broad age groups, males, females and both sexes, from the 2016 Census.

The Indigenous Populations of Canada map is derived from the CanEcumene 2.0 Geodatabase using custom tabulations of census-based population data. Indigenous communities within the level of the census sub-division (CSD) were identified using a combination of sources from census field data (see Eddy et. al. 2020 for more details). This map shows the percent of Indigenous population in CanEcumene 2.0 communities using graduated symbols, overlaid upon a population density raster. The larger the symbol, the higher the percentage of Indigenous population in that area. The darker the colour in the underlying raster, the denser is the general population. This map illustrates how the majority of Indigenous populations reside in locations outside of the denser populated areas of Canada.

Map of the percentage of the official language minority population (according to first official language spoken, adjusted responses) within the total population by economic region. Multiple responses distributed equally among respondents. Data from 2016 Census of Canada, 100% sample.

This service shows the percentage of population, excluding institutional residents, with knowledge of English and French for Canada by 2016 census division. The data is from the Census Profile, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001.Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. For additional information refer to 'Knowledge of official languages' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.For additional information refer to 'Knowledge of official languages' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census division” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.

This service shows the percentage of population aged 25 to 64 years in private households with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by census subdivision, 2016. The data is from the Census Profile, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001.This data pertains to the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households by the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed. Persons with a post-secondary certificate, diploma or degree includes those with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; a university certificate or diploma below bachelor level or a university certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above. For additional information refer to the 2016 Census Dictionary for ' Highest certificate, diploma or degree'.For additional information refer to the 2016 Census Dictionary for ' Highest certificate, diploma or degree'. To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census subdivision” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.

This service shows the ratio of persons aged 0 to 14 and 65 and over (children and seniors) versus persons aged 15 to 64 (working-age) by census division. The data is a custom extraction from the 2016 Census - 100% data.This data pertains to the total population by age. 'Age' refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2016. For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census division” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.

This service shows the median total income of households in 2015 for Canada by 2016 census subdivision. The data is from the Census Profile, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001.Total income refers to the sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves. For additional information refer to 'Total income' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.For additional information refer to 'Total income' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census subdivision” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.

This service shows the ratio of persons aged 0 to 14 and 65 and over (children and seniors) versus persons aged 15 to 64 (working-age) by census subdivision. The data is a custom extraction from the 2016 Census - 100% data.This data pertains to the total population by age. 'Age' refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2016. For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.For additional information refer to 'Age' in the 2016 Census Dictionary.To have a cartographic representation of the ecumene with this socio-economic indicator, it is recommended to add as the first layer, the “NRCan - 2016 population ecumene by census subdivision” web service, accessible in the data resources section below.