Terrain Stability Mapping (TSM) contains polygons with key and amalgamated (concatenated) attributes derived from the RISC (Resource Inventory Standards Committee) standard attributes. TSM uses air photo interpretation and select field checking to divides the landscape into units using the Terrain Classification System for British Columbia and stability criteria. Polygon attributes include (but are not limited to) surficial material, surface expression, geomorphological processes, drainage class, slope range and stability class. TSM methods include manual air photo interpretation and setting stability criteria supported by selective field checking. This layer is derived from the STE_TEI_ATTRIBUTE_POLYS_SP layer by filtering on the PROJECT_TYPE attribute. Project types include: TEMSET, TEMTSM, TSM, TSMREC, TSMDET, TBW, and TBS. Current version: v11 (published on 2024-10-03) Previous versions: v10 (published on 2023-11-14), v9 (published on 2023-03-01), v8 (published on 2016-09-01)

Wang, Z., Greenan, B.J.W., Hannah, C.G., and Layton, C. 2025. Past and future sea surface temperature changes in the oceans surrounding Canada. Can. Tech. Rep. Hydrogr. Ocean. Sci. 404: v + 44 pThis study presents changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) in the oceans surrounding Canada using past observations and model projections of future scenarios. The past changes are derived using an SST product, HadISST, in which a recent period (2012-2022) was referenced to a 26-year climatology (1955-1980). The future changes in SST are estimated using a 22-member ensemble of CMIP6 models. The SST changes for overlapping periods from the CMIP6 ensemble and the HadISST in the 10 regions of the Canadianshelf waters are in general agreement, although the CMIP6 results tend to overestimate the observed changes by about 0.1 oC. One exception to this is the Scotian Shelf where the CMIP6 models underestimate the observed SST change. The Gulf of Maine, Scotian Shelf, Gulf of St. Lawrence and southern Newfoundland shelf are the regions with the largest observed SST increases around Canada. The Gulf of St. Lawrence has the highest correlation (r=0.65) with the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) among the subregions in the North Atlantic Ocean, and the British Columbia Shelf is correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (r=0.58). Under the four climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6 to SSP5-8.5), among the mid-century (2040-2059) annual mean SST changes (reference period of 1990-2014) in the 10 regions, the Gulf of St. Lawrence is projected to have the largest increases in temperature (1.8 – 2.5oC), and Baffin Bay has the smallest increases (0.5 – 0.9oC), However, for the summer means, the southern Beaufort Sea has the largest SST increase (2.4 -3.1oC) with Baffin Bay having the smallest changes (1.3-2.1oC).Cite this data as: Wang, Z., Greenan, B.J.W., Hannah, C.G., and Layton, C. (2025) Data of:Past and Future Sea Surface Temperature Changes in the Oceans Surrounding Canada.Published: October 2025. Ocean Ecosystems Science Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, N.S.https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/3c336e55-4266-406a-922d-bbf8e717558c

Description:Night-time sea surface temperature (SST) was acquired from the AVHRR Pathfinder project, with data distributed by NOAA, and averaged into monthly climatological composites. The data span 1990 through 2020 at 4 km pixel resolution.Methods:AVHRR Pathfinder version 5.3 Level 3C night Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was acquired from NOAA at 4 km spatial resolution. The monthly mean value at all pixels was calculated for individual years, then all years were combined to produce final maps of monthly mean and monthly standard deviation of SST, and the number of occurrences of each pixel over the period of observation. The quality level of all satellite observations was also acquired with this dataset, and used to remove any pixels with a quality level lower than 4. Further, pixels with fewer than two occurrences over the period 1990-2020 were removed from these maps, and set to a NaN value in the tif files. All resulting rasters were cropped to the Canadian Exclusive Economic Zone and assigned to the NAD83 geographic coordinate reference system (EPSG:4269), and have a final pixel resolution of approximately 0.0417 degrees. The monthly mean, monthly standard deviation, and number of occurrences for all pixels are provided.Uncertainties:Satellite values have been evaluated against global datasets, and datasets of samples in the Pacific region (see references). However, uncertainties are introduced when averaging together images over time as each pixel has a differing number of observations. Short-lived or spatially limited events may be missed.

Description:Night-time sea surface temperature (SST) was acquired from the AVHRR Pathfinder project, with data distributed by NOAA, and averaged into monthly climatological composites. The data span late 1981 through 2010 at 4 km pixel resolution.Methods:AVHRR Pathfinder version 5.3 Level 3C night Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was acquired from NOAA at 4 km spatial resolution. The monthly mean value at all pixels was calculated for individual years, then all years were combined to produce final maps of monthly mean and monthly standard deviation of SST, and the number of occurrences of valid data at each pixel over the period of observation. The quality level of all satellite observations was also acquired with this dataset, and used to remove any pixels with a quality level lower than 4. Further, pixels with fewer than two occurrences over the period 1981-2010 were removed from these maps, and set to a NaN value in the tif files. All resulting rasters were cropped to the Canadian Exclusive Economic Zone and assigned to the NAD83 geographic coordinate reference system (EPSG:4269), and have a final pixel resolution of approximately 0.0417 degrees. The monthly mean, monthly standard deviation, and number of occurrences for all pixels are provided.Uncertainties:Satellite values have been evaluated against global datasets, and datasets of samples in the Pacific region (see references). However, uncertainties are introduced when averaging together images over time as each pixel has a differing number of observations. Short-lived or spatially limited events may be missed.

Terrain Mapping (TER) project boundaries contains (study areas) and attributes describing each project (project level metadata), plus links to the locations of other data associated with the project (e.g., reports, polygon datasets, plotfiles, legends) for terrain inventory, bioterrain and terrain stability mapping projects. TER divides the landscape into units according to surficial materials, landforms and geomorphological processes using the Terrain Classification System for British Columbia. This layer is derived from the STE_TEI_PROJECT_BOUNDARIES_SP layer by filtering on the PROJECT_TYPE attribute. Project types include: TEM, TEMNSS, TEMPRE, TEMSEI, TEMSET, TEMTSM, TSM, TSMREC, TSMDET, TIM, TBS, TBT, TIMSOI, TEMWHR, TEMSDM, TEMPRW, NEMPRW, and TEMSEW. Current version: v11 (published on 2024-10-03) Previous versions: v10 (published on 2023-11-14), v9 (published on 2023-03-01), v8 (published on 2016-09-01)

Ferry Terminals is a point dataset identifying vehicle and passenger ferry terminals in British Columbia.

The basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus), is a species found in Atlantic Canadian waters which is mostly encountered “basking” on the surface waters and sometimes caught accidentally in commercial fisheries. One Pop-up Satellite Archival Tag (PSAT Mk10) from Wildlife Computers was applied to a single female basking shark in September 2008 on a commercial vessel to collect data on depth (pressure), temperature and ambient light level (for position estimation). The basking shark was 610 cm Total Length (curved). The tag released on the pre-programmed date 125 days after deployment. Raw data transmitted from the PSAT’s after release was processed through Wildlife Computers software (GPE3) to get summary files, assuming a maximum swimming speed of 2m/s, NOAA OI SST V2 High Resolution data set for SST reference and ETOPO1-Bedrock dataset for bathymetry reference. The maximum likelihood position estimates are available in .csv and .kmz format and depth and temperature profiles are also in .csv format. Other tag outputs as well as metadata from the deployment can be obtained upon request from: warren.joyce@dfo-mpo.gc.ca or heather.bowlby@dfo-mpo.gc.ca.

Transport Features is composed of, among others, the National Road Network (NRN) and the National Railway Network (NRWN). Transport Features entities are: Nautical Facility, Track Segment, Track Junction, Railway Station, Track Crossing, Track Marker Post, Track Structure, Rail Ferry, Road Segment, Road Ferry, Road Junction, Blocked Passage, Toll Point, Aerial Cableway, Footbridge, Trail, Navigational Aid, Marina, and Runway. CanVec is a digital cartographic reference product of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). It originates from the best available data sources covering Canadian territory, offers quality topographical information in vector format and complies with international geomatics standards. CanVec is a multi-source product coming mainly from the National Topographic Data Base (NTDB), the Mapping the North process conducted by the Canada Center for Mapping and Earth Observation (CCMEO), the Atlas of Canada data, the GeoBase initiative and the data update using satellite imagery coverage (e.g. Landsat 7, Spot, Radarsat, etc.).Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)

The transport features of the CanVec series are derived from the National Road Network (NRN) and the National Railway Network (NRWN). The dataset describes roads, trails, bridges, railroads and their related information. The transport features include nautical facilities, track segments, track junctions, railway stations, track crossings, track marker posts, track structures, rail ferry segments, road segments, road ferry segments, road junctions, blocked passages, toll points, aerial cableway features, footbridges, trails, navigational aids, marinas and runways.The CanVec multiscale series is available as prepackaged downloadable files and by user-defined extent via a Geospatial data extraction tool.Related Products (Open Maps Links):[Topographic Data of Canada - CanVec Series](https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/8ba2aa2a-7bb9-4448-b4d7-f164409fe056)

Registered Trapping Concessions (RTCs) are legal boundaries that define an area where the holder of the concession has the exclusive right to trap furbearing animals. Because trapping is done primarily along waterways, RTCs are often defined by watersheds, using height of land (ridges and mountain peaks) as their boundaries. This is the opposite of GMAs which are defined by mountains. Sometimes RTCs are grouped together to form a Group Trapping Concession (in which groups of individual share the right to trap). This may or may not involve the elimination of the component RTC boundaries. The Yukon has 360 RTCs and 13 Group Trapping Concessions. Only Kluane National Park, Kluane Wildlife Sanctuary, and Ddhaw Ghro Habitat Protection are are not covered by RTCs. This data was built using the 1:250,000 National Topographic Data Base (NTDB) as the digitizing base.Distributed from [GeoYukon](https://yukon.ca/geoyukon) by the [Government of Yukon](https://yukon.ca/maps) . Discover more digital map data and interactive maps from Yukon's digital map data collection.For more information: [geomatics.help@yukon.ca](mailto:geomatics.help@yukon.ca)